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A city gate is a which is, or was, set within a . It is a type of fortified gateway.

Uses
City gates were traditionally built to provide a point of controlled access to and departure from a walled city for people, vehicles, goods and animals. Depending on their historical context they filled functions relating to defense, security, health, trade, taxation, and representation, and were correspondingly staffed by military or municipal authorities. The city gate was also commonly used to display diverse kinds of public information such as announcements, tax and toll schedules, standards of local measures, and legal texts. It could be heavily fortified, ornamented with heraldic shields, or inscriptions, or used as a location for warning or intimidation, for example by displaying the heads of beheaded criminals or public enemies.

Notably in Denmark, many used to have at least one city gate mostly as part of the city's fortifications, but during the Age of Absolutism their functions become closely linked to the collection of , the so-called , which from 1660 onwards was charged to the market town's coffers. When absolutism in Denmark came to an end after the revolutions of 1848, gate consumption was abolished in 1852, and since then the city gates also began to disappear.

Medieval Danish city gates are found today only in , , and Mølleporten, Stege, as well as in , today in . Further city gates, in one form or another, can be found across the world in cities dating back to ancient times to around the 19th century. Many cities would close their gates after a certain curfew each night, for example, a bigger one like or a smaller one like the one in Flensburg, in the north of Germany.

With increased stability and freedom, many walled cities removed such fortifications as city gates, although many still survive; albeit for historic interest rather than security. Many surviving gates have been heavily restored, rebuilt or new ones created to add to the appearance of a city, such as Bab Bou Jalous in . With increased levels of traffic, city gates have come under threat in the past for impeding the flow of traffic, such as Temple Bar Gate in which was removed in the 19th century.

Examples
Africa

Asia

Europe

Americas
  • Canada: Kent Gate, Prescott Gate, Saint-Jean Gate, and Saint-Louis Gate at the ramparts of Quebec City
  • Mexico: San Francisco de Campeche, a World Heritage Site, it is a colonial walled city. Are preserved today two city gates: Puerta del Mar completed in 1710, and Puerta de Tierra built in 1732.
  • Trinidad and Tobago: City Gate (Port of Spain), Port of Spain
  • Puerto Rico:
    • In San Juan, a World Heritage Site, the Walls of the city had five gates. The main was the Puerta de San Juan, today preserved, built in 1635. It also had the Puerta de San José, the Puerta de Santa Rosa, the Puerta de San Justo and the Puerta de Santiago the latter built between 1635 and 1641 by Captain General Íñigo de la Mota Sarmiento.
    • In San Juan, the main gate of the Castle San Felipe del Morro, built between 1589 and 1650.
  • Cuba:
    • In , a World Heritage Site, has the Arco de Belén city gate, built in 1775.
    • In Havana, has the main gate of the Fortress of la Cabaña, built between 1763 and 1774.
    • In Havana, the Castle of Príncipe, built between 1767 and 1771, has preserved its great main gate.
  • Dominican Republic:
    • In , a World Heritage Site, its City Walls had seven gates, today are preserved four of them, the Puerta del Conde built between 1543 and 1655, the Puerta Carlos III completed in 1797, the Puerta de las Atarazanas Reales built between 1509 and 1541, and the Puerta de la Misericordia built in 1543, the Walls of Santo domingo is the oldest military construction of European origin in the Americas.
  • Guatemala: In Antigua Guatemala, a World Heritage Site, its main city gate the Arco de Santa Catalina is preserved, built in 1693.
  • Peru:
    • 's gate, Pre-Columbian, built between 1438 and 1472, a World Heritage Site.
    • The Colonial Walls of Lima had ten gates. The main gate and now defunct was the , built between 1684 and 1687.
  • Uruguay:
    • In Colonia del Sacramento, a World Heritage Site, its main city gate, the Portón de Campo, was built in 1745, under Portuguese government.
    • Gateway of the Citadel in Montevideo.
  • Colombia: Puerta del Reloj, built between 1704 and 1738, was the main city gate of Cartagena, Colombia, a World Heritage Site.
  • Bolivia: In , a World Heritage Site, The Gateway of the Sun, was built between 500 and 950 CE, Pre-Columbian.

See also

External links
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